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The Reverend Walter Whiter (30 October 1758 in Birmingham, England– 23 July 1832 in Hardingham) was an English philologist and literary critic. He is known for his 1794 work ''A Specimen of a Commentary on Shakspeare''. ''Specimen'', which explored ''As You Like It'' in terms of John Locke's philosophy of associationism. It is believed to have been the first work of literary criticism to use scientific psychology.〔("The First Psychological Critic: Walter Whiter (1758–1832)" ), by Norman N. Holland, at ''PSYART: A Hyperlink Journal for Psychological Study of the Arts''; published 15 March 2004; retrieved 3 November 2011〕 In addition to his literary criticism, Whiter published his etymological research, first as ''Etymologicon Magnum'' in 1800, then as ''Etymologicon Universale'' in 1822 (vol. 1 and 2) and 1825 (vol. 3);〔 August Baron Merian, a correspondent of Samuel Butler, stated that he "pit(ied)" Whiter, and described him as "(a) great etymologist—perhaps the greatest that ever lived. A genius certainly; but it seems, like most eminent artists, dissolute."〔''The Life and Letters of Dr. Samuel Butler: Jan. 30, 1774–March 1, 1831'' (collected and edited by J. Murray, 1896)〕 Whiter's linguistic studies—in particular, his research into the language used by Gypsies—led him to be cited as a role model by George Borrow,〔(In search of the true gypsy: from Enlightenment to Final Solution ), by Wim Willems; published 1997, by Routledge (via Google Books)〕 to the extent that Whiter appears in Borrow's ''Lavengro'' as "Reverend Whiter the philologist". The book includes a song about his character, which goes as follows: :''Give me the haunch of a buck to eat : :''And to drink Madeira old; : :''And a gentle wife to rest with, : :''And in my arms to fold. : : :''An Arabic book to study, : :''A Norfolk cob to ride; : :''And a house to live in shaded by trees, : :''Near to a river's side. : : :''With such good things around me, : :''And with good health withal, : :''Though I should live for a hundred years : :''For death I would not call. For several decades, Whiter's notes on the vocabulary of Romani were thought to have been lost,〔(Scholarship and the gypsy struggle: commitment in Romani studies: a collection of papers and poems to celebrate Donald Kenrick's seventieth year ); "Chapter Two: The Genesis of Anglo-Romani", by Peter Bakker; University of Hertfordshire Press, 2000 (via Google Books)〕 but were rediscovered and published in 1909 as ''Whiter's 'Lingua Cingariana ==Personal life== Whiter was a friend of Richard Porson, who had a habit of adding marginalia to books which Whiter owned;〔(In Defense of Marginalia: Homo Scriblerus ), at The New Republic, by Frank Kermode; published 26 March 2001; retrieved 3 November 2011〕 many of these annotations were subsequently collected and published independently.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Walter Whiter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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